Silicon da oxygen sune abubuwa biyu da aka fi rarraba a cikin ɓawon ƙasa.Baya ga samar da SiO2, sun kuma haɗu don samar da mafi yawan ma'adanai na silicate da aka samu a cikin ɓawon burodi.Akwai fiye da 800 sanannun ma'adanai na silicate, lissafin kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na duk sanannun nau'in ma'adinai.Tare, sun kasance kusan kashi 85% na ɓawon ƙasa da lithosphere ta nauyi.Waɗannan ma'adanai ba wai kawai abubuwan da ke cikin ƙashin ƙugu ba ne, masu ɗumbin yawa, da duwatsu masu ƙayatarwa ba amma kuma suna zama tushen tushen ƙarfe da yawa waɗanda ba na ƙarfe ba kuma da wuya.Misalai sun haɗa da quartz, feldspar, kaolinite, illite, bentonite, talc, mica, asbestos, wollastonite, pyroxene, amphibole, kyanite, garnet, zircon, diatomite, serpentine, peridotite, andalusite, biotite, da muscovite.
1. Feldspar
◆Abubuwan Jiki: Feldspar ma'adinai ne da aka rarraba a duniya.Feldspar mai arzikin potassium ana kiransa potassium feldspar.Orthoclase, microcline, da albite sune misalan ma'adanai na potassium feldspar.Feldspar yana nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai kuma yana da juriya ga acid, gabaɗaya yana da wuyar ruɓewa.Tauri daga 5.5 zuwa 6.5, yawa daga 2.55 zuwa 2.75, da kuma narkewa daga 1185 zuwa 1490°C. Sau da yawa yana faruwa tare da ma'adini, muscovite, biotite, sillimanite, garnet, da ƙananan adadin magnetite, ilmenite, da tantalite.
◆Amfani: An yi amfani da shi a cikin narkewar gilashi, albarkatun yumbu, yumbu glazes, enamel albarkatun kasa, potassium taki, kuma a matsayin kayan ado da duwatsu masu daraja.
◆Hanyoyin Zaɓi: Handpicking, Magnetic Sepparation, flotation.
◆Farawa da Faruwa: An samo shi a cikin gneisses ko gneissic metamorphic duwatsu;wasu jijiyoyi suna faruwa a jikin dutsen granite ko mafic dutse ko wuraren tuntuɓar su.An fi mayar da hankali a cikin pegmatitic feldspar massifs ko bambancin feldspar pegmatites guda ɗaya.
2. Kaolinite
◆Abubuwan Jiki: Tsaftataccen kaolinite fari ne amma sau da yawa launin haske ja, rawaya, shuɗi, kore, ko launin toka saboda ƙazanta.Yana da yawa daga 2.61 zuwa 2.68 da taurin daga 2 zuwa 3. Ana amfani da Kaolinite a cikin samar da kayan yau da kullum da masana'antu na masana'antu, kayan da aka yi amfani da su, takarda, gine-gine, sutura, roba, robobi, yadi, kuma a matsayin filler ko farin pigment.
◆Amfani: Ana amfani da shi wajen samar da yumbu na yau da kullun da masana'antu, kayan da aka hana, yin takarda, gini, sutura, roba, robobi, yadi, kuma azaman filler ko farin launi.
◆Hanyoyin Zaɓi: Dry da rigar rabuwar maganadisu, rabuwar nauyi, calcination, bleaching sunadarai.
◆Farawa da Faruwa: An samo asali ne daga silica-alumina-rich igneous and metamorphic rocks, wanda aka canza ta yanayin yanayi ko maye gurbin ruwa mai ƙarancin zafi.
3. Mika
◆Abubuwan Jiki: Mica galibi fari ne, tare da inuwar rawaya mai haske, koren haske, ko launin toka mai haske.Yana da kyalli mai ƙyalli, lu'u-lu'u kamar lu'u-lu'u akan filaye masu tsattsage, da sassauƙan zanen gadon bakin ciki amma maras roba.Taurin yana daga 1 zuwa 2 da yawa daga 2.65 zuwa 2.90.Mica ya sami amfani da kayan da aka gyara, tukwane, ain lantarki, crucibles, fiberglass, roba, yin takarda, pigments, magunguna, kayan shafawa, robobi, da kuma azaman kayan taimako don sassaƙa masu kyau.
◆Ana amfani da: Ana amfani da su a cikin kayan haɓakawa, yumbu, ain lantarki, crucibles, fiberglass, roba, yin takarda, pigments, magunguna, kayan shafawa, robobi, kuma azaman kayan taimako don sassaƙan fasaha mai kyau.
◆Hanyoyin Zaɓi: Handpicking, electrostatic rabuwa, Magnetic rabuwa.
◆Farawa da Faruwa: An samar da shi ne ta hanyar canjin hydrothermal na tsaka-tsakin dutsen tsaunuka na acidic da tuffs, kuma ana samun su a cikin schist crystalline mai arzikin aluminum da wasu ƙananan zafin jiki na ma'adini na ruwa.
4. Talaka
◆Abubuwan Jiki: Tsaftataccen talc ba shi da launi amma galibi yana bayyana rawaya, koren, launin ruwan kasa, ko ruwan hoda saboda ƙazanta.Yana da kyalli na gilashi da taurin 1 akan sikelin Mohs.Ana amfani da Talc ko'ina a matsayin mai filler a masana'antar takarda da roba da kuma azaman wakili na fata a cikin masana'antar yadi.Hakanan yana da aikace-aikace a cikin yumbu, fenti, sutura, robobi, da kayan kwalliya.
◆Amfani: Ana amfani da shi azaman filler wajen yin takarda da masana'antar roba, azaman wakili mai farar fata a masana'antar yadi, kuma a cikin yumbu, fenti, kayan kwalliya, robobi, da kayan kwalliya.
◆Hanyoyin Zaɓa: Hannun hannu, rabuwar electrostatic, rabuwar maganadisu, rarrabawar gani, iyo, gogewa.
◆Farawa da faruwa: An samo asali ne ta hanyar canjin hydrothermal da metamorphism, galibi ana danganta su da magnesite, serpentine, dolomite, da talc schist.
5. Muscovite
◆Abubuwan Jiki: Muscovite wani nau'in ma'adinai ne na mica, sau da yawa yana bayyana a cikin fari, launin toka, rawaya, kore, ko launin ruwan kasa.Yana da kyalli mai kyalli tare da lu'u-lu'u mai kama da lu'u-lu'u akan filaye masu tsinke.Ana amfani da Muscovite don abubuwan kashe wuta, sandunan walda, robobi, rufin lantarki, yin takarda, takarda kwalta, roba, pigments lu'u-lu'u, robobi, fenti, da roba azaman masu cika aikin.
◆Amfani: Ana amfani da shi azaman abubuwan kashe wuta, sandunan walda, robobi, rufin lantarki, yin takarda, takarda kwalta, roba, pigments lu'u-lu'u, robobi, fenti, da roba azaman masu cika aikin.
◆Hanyoyin Zaɓa: Ruwa, zaɓin iska, zaɓin hannu, peeling, zaɓin gogayya, niƙa mai kyau, niƙa ultrafine, gyaran ƙasa.
◆Farawa da faruwa: Da farko samfurin aikin magmatic da aikin pegmatitic, galibi ana samun su a cikin granite pegmatites da mica schists, waɗanda akasari ke da alaƙa da ma'adini, feldspar, da ma'adanai masu ƙarancin radiyo.
Ci gaba da fassarar:
6. Sodalite
Sodalite tsarin lu'ulu'u ne na triclinic, yawanci lu'ulu'u na cylindrical masu daidaitawa tare da ratsi iri ɗaya akan saman crystal.Yana da walƙiya mai ɗanɗano, kuma karyewar yana nuna gilashin haske zuwa lu'u-lu'u.Launuka sun bambanta daga haske zuwa shuɗi mai duhu, kore, rawaya, launin toka, launin ruwan kasa, marar launi, ko launin toka-fari mai haske.Taurin yana daga 5.5 zuwa 7.0, tare da takamaiman nauyi na 3.53 zuwa 3.65.Babban ma'adanai sune sodalite da ƙananan silica, tare da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci irin su quartz, black mica, mica na zinariya, da chlorite.
Sodalite shine samfurin metamorphism na yanki wanda aka samo a cikin schists crystalline da gneisses.Shahararrun masana'antun duniya sun haɗa da Switzerland, Austria, da sauran ƙasashe.Lokacin da zafi zuwa 1300°C, sodalite yana jujjuyawa zuwa mullite, babban abu mai jujjuyawa da aka yi amfani da shi wajen kera filogi, nozzles mai, da sauran samfuran yumbu masu zafi mai zafi.Hakanan ana iya fitar da aluminum.Za a iya amfani da lu'ulu'u masu kyau na launuka masu kyau a matsayin duwatsu masu daraja, tare da zurfin blue shine mafi fifiko.Arewacin Carolina a Amurka yana samar da sodalite mai inganci mai launin shuɗi da kore.
7.Garnet
◆Kaddarorin jiki
Yawanci launin ruwan kasa, rawaya, ja, kore, da dai sauransu;m zuwa translucent;vitreous luster, karaya tare da resinous luster;babu tsagewa;taurin 5.6 ~ 7.5;yawa 3.5 ~ 4.2.
◆Aikace-aikace
Babban taurin Garnet ya sa ya dace da kayan abrasive;Ana iya amfani da manyan lu'ulu'u masu kyau tare da kyawawan launi da nuna gaskiya azaman kayan albarkatun gemstone.
◆Hanyoyin rabuwa
Rarraba hannu, rabuwar maganadisu.
◆Farawa da faruwa
Garnet yana yadu a cikin matakai daban-daban na tsarin ƙasa, yana samar da nau'o'in garnet daban-daban saboda matakai daban-daban;alli-aluminum garnet jerin an fi samar da su a cikin hydrothermal, alkaline rocks, da wasu pegmatites;jerin magnesium-aluminum garnet ana samar da su ne a cikin duwatsu masu banƙyama da duwatsun metamorphic na yanki, gneisses, da duwatsu masu aman wuta.
8.Biotite
◆Kaddarorin jiki
Ana samun Biotite galibi a cikin duwatsun metamorphic da wasu wasu duwatsu kamar granite.Launin biotite ya bambanta daga baki zuwa launin ruwan kasa, ja, ko kore.Yana da kyalli mai ɗanɗano, lu'ulu'u na roba, taurin ƙasa da ƙusa, mai sauƙin tsaga cikin gutsuttsura, kuma mai siffa ce ta faranti ko ginshiƙi.
◆Aikace-aikace
An fi amfani dashi a cikin kayan gini na kariya ta wuta, yin takarda, takarda kwalta, robobi, roba, abubuwan kashe wuta, sandunan walda, kayan adon, launin lu'u-lu'u, da sauran masana'antar sinadarai.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yi amfani da biotite sosai a cikin kayan ado na kayan ado irin su fentin dutse na gaske.
◆Hanyoyin rabuwa
Yawo, zaɓin iska, zaɓin hannu, kwasfa, zaɓin gogayya, niƙa mai kyau, niƙa ultrafine, gyaran ƙasa.
9.Muscovite
◆Kaddarorin jiki
Muscovite wani nau'in ma'adinai ne na mica a cikin rukunin fararen mica, silicate na aluminum, baƙin ƙarfe, da potassium.Muscovite yana da muscovite mai launin duhu (daban-daban tabarau na launin ruwan kasa ko kore, da dai sauransu) da muscovite mai launin haske (daban-daban na launin rawaya).Muscovite mai launin haske yana da haske kuma yana da haske mai haske;Muscovite mai launin duhu yana da tsaka-tsaki.Vitreous zuwa submetallic luster, cleavage surface with pearly luster.Bakin ciki zanen gado ne na roba, taurin 2 ~ 3, takamaiman nauyi 2.70 ~ 2.85, marasa aiki.
◆Aikace-aikace
Ana amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar kayan gini, masana'antar kashe gobara, jami'an kashe gobara, sandunan walda, robobi, rufin lantarki, yin takarda, takarda kwalta, roba, pigments na lu'u-lu'u, da sauran masana'antar sinadarai.Ultrafine mica foda ana amfani dashi azaman mai aiki don robobi, sutura, fenti, roba, da sauransu, don haɓaka ƙarfin injin, haɓaka tauri, mannewa, rigakafin tsufa, da juriya na lalata.
A masana'antu, an fi amfani da shi don juriya da zafi, da kuma juriya ga acid, alkalis, matsawa, da kuma kayan bawo, ana amfani da su azaman kayan kariya na kayan lantarki da na'urorin lantarki;na biyu ana amfani da shi wajen kera tukunyar jirgi mai tururi, tagogin tanderu mai narkewa, da sassa na inji.
◆Hanyoyin rabuwa
Yawo, zaɓin iska, zaɓin hannu, kwasfa, zaɓin gogayya, niƙa mai kyau, niƙa ultrafine, gyaran ƙasa.
10.Olivine
◆Kaddarorin jiki
Koren zaitun, rawaya-kore, launin toka-kore mai haske, kore-baki.Luster mai ƙarfi, karaya mai siffar harsashi gama gari;taurin 6.5 ~ 7.0, yawa 3.27 ~ 4.37.
◆Aikace-aikace
An yi amfani da shi azaman albarkatun ƙasa don mahaɗan magnesium da phosphates, ana amfani da su wajen samar da takin mai magani na calcium-magnesium phosphate;Ana iya amfani da olivine mai arzikin magnesium a matsayin kayan haɓaka;m, m-grained olivine za a iya amfani da matsayin gemstone albarkatun kasa.
◆Hanyoyin rabuwa
Sake zaɓe, rabuwar maganadisu.
◆Farawa da faruwa
Yafi kafa ta magmatic mataki, faruwa a cikin ultrabasic da kuma asali duwatsu, hade da pyroxene, amphibole, magnetite, platinum kungiyar ma'adanai, da dai sauransu
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-31-2024