【Huate Mineral Processing Encyclopedia】Bincike da Amfani da Na'urar Rarraba Infrared Mai Inganci

Tun daga shekarun 1990, ƙasashen waje sun fara nazarin fasahar amfani da fasaha mai hankali kuma sun sami wasu ci gaba na ka'idoji, kamar GunsonSortex a Burtaniya da Outo-kumpu a Finland. da RTZOreSorters, da sauransu, sun ƙirƙiro kuma sun samar da nau'ikan masu tacewa na lantarki na masana'antu sama da goma, masu tacewa na rediyoaktif, da sauransu, kuma an yi amfani da su cikin nasara a fannin rarrabawa na ƙarfe marasa ƙarfe da ƙarfe masu daraja, amma saboda tsadar farashi, ƙarancin daidaiton rarrabawa, ƙarfin sarrafawa yana da ƙanƙanta, kuma yana da iyaka a cikin tallatawa da aikace-aikace.

Idan aka kwatanta da ƙasashen waje, binciken fasaha mai alaƙa a ƙasarmu ya fara ne a makare, kuma fannin binciken yana da ɗan ƙaranci. A kusan shekara ta 2000, wasu na'urorin rarrabawa sun bayyana a kasuwannin cikin gida, galibin rarrabawa launi, rarrabawa infrared, rarrabawa lantarki, da sauransu, waɗanda galibi ake amfani da su wajen rarrabawa hatsi, abinci, shayi, magani, kayan sinadarai, takarda, gilashi, rarrabawa sharar gida da sauran masana'antu, amma ga ƙarfe masu daraja da na musamman kamar zinariya, ƙasa mai wuya, jan ƙarfe, tungsten, kwal, ma'adinan ƙarfe mai rauni, da sauransu, ba za a iya zaɓar su gaba ɗaya ba kuma a jefar da su gaba ɗaya, musamman a cikin busasshen kayan aikin jefa wutsiya na zamani har yanzu babu komai a ciki.

A halin yanzu, ma'adanai na cikin gida ba su da kayan aiki na musamman masu inganci don zubar da ma'adanai masu rauni na maganadisu, ma'adanai na ƙarfe marasa ƙarfe, da sauransu kafin a zubar da su, galibi suna dogara ne akan hanyar rarrabewa da hannu ta asali da hanyar rabuwar maganadisu, kuma girman barbashi na rarrabawa gabaɗaya yana tsakanin 20 zuwa 150 mm. Babban ƙarfi da tsada mai yawa. Ga ma'adanai masu ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin launi, haske, siffa, da yawan ma'adanai da duwatsun sharar gida, ingancin rarrabawa yana da ƙasa, kuskuren yana da girma, kuma ba za a iya bambance wasu ba. Ga magnetite, ana iya amfani da hanyar rabuwar maganadisu don jefa wutsiya, amma ga ma'adanai masu raunin halayen maganadisu, ma'adanai marasa ƙarfe, da sauransu, kuskuren rabuwa yana da girma, ingancin rabuwa yana da ƙasa, kuma akwai ɓarna mai yawa na albarkatu.

Injin tantance firikwensin mai wayo ya dace da yin maganin ma'adinan kafin a fara amfani da shi tare da yawan narkewar ma'adinan da ba a sarrafa ba da kuma kyakkyawan tasirin rabuwa tsakanin dutsen da ke kewaye da ma'adinan bayan niƙawa.

01

Rage darajar ma'adinan daidai yake da faɗaɗa ma'adinan masana'antu;

02

Rage farashin niƙa da beneficiation na gaba;

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Ana iya inganta ƙarfin sarrafa tsarin a ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa kayan aikin niƙa na asali ba su canza ba;

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Inganta darajar da aka zaɓa yana taimakawa wajen daidaita da inganta ingancin abubuwan da aka tattara da kuma rage farashin narkar da nama;

05

Rage yawan ƙananan wukake masu laushi, rage farashin samarwa da kula da tafkunan wukake, da kuma inganta yanayin tsaro a kewayen wurin ajiyar ruwa.

Misali, ma'adinan zinare da aka tabbatar a ƙasata suna da tan 15,000-20,000, suna matsayi na bakwai a duniya, tare da fitar da zinare sama da tan 360 a shekara, ajiyar zinare na dutse ya kai kusan kashi 60%, kuma matsakaicin ma'aunin ajiya na ma'adinai na kimanin tan biliyan 5. Kimanin g/t, ma'adinan zinare na dutse suna da kimanin tan biliyan 3. Ya zama mafi girman mai samar da zinare a duniya. Duk da haka, tsarin samar da zinare a ƙasata har yanzu yana ɗaukar tsarin cyanidation na gargajiya. Babu wata hanya mai tasiri ta jefa wutsiya kafin a niƙa da niƙa. Aikin niƙa, niƙa da flotation yana da yawa, kuma farashin amfani da shi har yanzu yana da yawa. Yawan asarar haƙar ma'adinai ya fi kashi 5%, ƙimar murmurewa da narkewar abinci kusan kashi 90% ne, farashin amfani da shi yana da yawa, ƙimar murmurewa da albarkatu ƙasa ce, kuma kariyar muhalli ba ta da kyau.

Bayan an riga an jefar da shi ta hanyar na'urar tantance firikwensin mai wayo, dutsen sharar da aka zaɓa zai iya lissafin kashi 50-80% na ma'adinan da aka zaɓa, yana ƙara darajar zinare da aka zaɓa sau 3-5, kuma yana rage adadin ma'aikata a masana'antar miya da kashi 15-20%, ƙaruwar 25-30% na dutsen sharar da aka zubar da kuma 10-15% a samar da ƙarfe.

Ana iya adana kuɗin niƙawa da niƙa fiye da kashi 50%, yawan sinadarin da ke fitowa daga cikinsa zai iya raguwa da fiye da kashi 50%, ingancin samarwa ya inganta sosai, an inganta darajar sake amfani da duwatsun sharar gida, an rage lalacewar muhalli, kuma an inganta fa'idar tattalin arziki sosai.

Girman barbashi na na'urar tantance firikwensin mai hankali zai iya kaiwa kimanin 1mm zuwa 300mm, kuma na'urar gano firikwensin na iya gano har zuwa guda 40,000 na ma'adinai a kowace daƙiƙa. Yana ɗaukar 'yan ms kawai ga kowane yanki na ma'adinai daga gano firikwensin mai karɓa zuwa umarnin rarrabawa da mai kunnawa ya samu. Yana ɗaukar 'yan ms kawai don tsarin allurar don kammala aiwatarwa ɗaya. Matsakaicin ƙarfin sarrafawa na injin guda ɗaya zai iya kaiwa 400 t/h, kuma ƙarfin sarrafawa na kayan aiki ɗaya zai iya kaiwa tan miliyan 3 a kowace shekara, wanda yayi daidai da girman matsakaici da babban ma'adinai.

Kayan aikin rarraba firikwensin masu hankali na iya canza software cikin sauƙi da saita iyakokin rarrabawa akan layi, kuma suna mayar da martani ga canje-canje a cikin inganci da adadin ma'adinan danye a cikin lokaci, wanda ba za a iya cimmawa akan kayan aikin rarrabawa na gargajiya ba. Muddin ma'adinan danye ya kai wani matakin rabuwa a matakin niƙawa, koda kuwa matakin rabuwa ne kawai na dutsen ko gangue da ke kewaye, ko kuma an samar da tattarawar ƙarshe kai tsaye, galibi ana amfani da shi don ma'adanai daban-daban na ƙarfe (ƙarfe mara maganadisu ko rauni, jan ƙarfe, gubar, Zaɓen da zubar da sharar zinc, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, tin, ƙasa mai rare, zinariya, da sauransu), ma'adanai na kwal da waɗanda ba ƙarfe ba kamar talc, fluorite, calcium carbonate, dolomite, calcite, apatite, da sauransu. Adadin tattarawar da ke shiga cikin tsari na gaba yana raguwa sosai, kuma an inganta darajar, wanda zai iya rage farashin niƙa da wadatarwa na gaba. Ingantaccen na'urar firikwensin mai hankali ba shi da kwatanci ta hanyar rarrabawa da hannu na gargajiya, rabuwar maganadisu, da rabuwar hoto dangane da daidaiton ganewa, saurin amsawa, Ingancin rarrabawa, da kuma ƙarfin sarrafawa. Rarraba na'urorin gano abubuwa masu hankali wata cikakkiyar alama ce ta fasahar gano abubuwa ta zamani da fasahar dijital, kuma ta zama babban alkiblar ci gaba ta zaɓin ma'adinai kafin lokaci.

Albarkatun ma'adinai na ƙasar Sin galibi ƙananan ma'adanai ne, kuma ƙarfin ajiyarsu yana da yawa. Yadda za a zubar da sharar gida a gaba, inganta ingancin niƙa da kuma amfani da shi a gaba, da kuma rage farashin amfani da shi, da kuma mayar da martani ga buƙatun ƙasar gabaɗaya na "gina ma'adanai masu wayo da ma'adanai masu kore", shin Ya zama wani yanayi na ci gaba da masana'antar haƙar ma'adinai ta ƙasata. Saboda haka, haɓaka kayan aikin rarrabawa masu wayo waɗanda suka dace da ma'adanai na cikin gida yana gab da ƙarewa, kuma damar kasuwa za ta kasance mai faɗi sosai.