Yashi mai siffar quartz muhimmin abu ne na ma'adinai na masana'antu wanda ke da amfani iri-iri, ciki har da gilashi, siminti, yumbu da kayan da ba su da ƙarfi, ƙarfe, gini, sinadarai, filastik, roba, abrasive da sauran masana'antu. Fiye da haka, yashi mai siffar quartz mai tsayi yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin bayanan lantarki, fiber na gani, photovoltaic da sauran masana'antu, da kuma a cikin masana'antar tsaro da sojoji, sararin samaniya da sauran fannoni. Za a iya cewa ƙananan ƙwayoyin yashi suna tallafawa manyan masana'antu. (Mai raba maganadisu mai tsayi mai tsayi)
A halin yanzu, waɗanne irin yashi na quartz kuka sani?
01 Ma'adini yashi na takamaiman bayanai daban-daban
Bayani dalla-dalla game da yashi mai siffar quartz sun haɗa da: 0.5-1mm, 1-2mm, 2-4mm, 4-8mm, 8-16mm, 16-32mm, 10-20, 20-40, 40-80, 80-120, 100-200, 200 da 325.
Adadin yashi mai kauri a raga yana nufin girman hatsi ko kuma kyawun yashi mai kauri. Gabaɗaya, yana nufin allon da ke cikin yankin inci 1 X 1. Adadin ramukan raga da za su iya ratsawa ta allon ana bayyana su a matsayin lambar raga. Girman yashi mai kauri a raga, mafi ƙanƙantar girman yashi mai kauri. Mafi ƙanƙantar adadin raga, mafi girman girman yashi mai kauri a raga. Mafi ƙanƙantar adadin raga, mafi girman girman yashi mai kauri a raga.
02 Ma'adini yashi mai inganci daban-daban
Gabaɗaya dai, ana iya kiran yashi mai siffar quartz ne kawai idan ya ƙunshi aƙalla kashi 98.5% na silicon dioxide, yayin da ake kiran abin da ke ƙasa da kashi 98.5% da silica.
Ma'aunin "yashi mai siffar quartz" na lardin Anhui DB34/T1056-2009 ya shafi yashi mai siffar quartz na masana'antu (ban da yashi mai siffar silica) wanda aka yi da dutse mai siffar quartz ta hanyar niƙa.
Bayan shekaru da yawa na ci gaba, a halin yanzu, sau da yawa ana raba yashi na quartz zuwa yashi na quartz na yau da kullun, yashi mai tsafta na quartz, yashi mai cike da tsarki na quartz, yashi mai haɗakar quartz da foda na silica a masana'antu.
Yashi na yau da kullun
Gabaɗaya, kayan tacewa ne na maganin ruwa da aka yi da ma'adinan quartz na halitta bayan an niƙa, an wanke, an busar da shi kuma an tantance shi ta biyu; SiO2 ≥ 90-99%, Fe2O3 ≤ 0.06-0.02%. Ana siffanta kayan tacewa da rashin gyara kusurwa, yawan yawa, ƙarfin injina mai yawa, da tsawon rai na layin ɗaukar gurɓataccen abu. Kayan aiki ne don maganin ruwa na sinadarai. Ana iya amfani da shi a cikin ƙarfe, graphite silicon carbide, samfuran gilashi da gilashi, enamel, ƙarfe mai siminti, soda mai kauri, sinadarai, hayaniyar jet da sauran masana'antu.
Yashi mai kyau na quartz
SiO2 ≥ 99-99.5%, Fe2O3 ≤ 0.005%, an yi shi da yashi mai inganci na halitta, an zaɓe shi da kyau kuma an sarrafa shi. Babban manufarsa ita ce samar da siminti da turmi masu jure wa acid ta hanyar yin gilashi, kayan da ba su da ƙarfi, ferrosilicon na narkewa, kwararar ƙarfe, yumbu, kayan gogewa, yashi mai siffar siminti, da sauransu. Wani lokaci ana kiran yashi mai kyau na quartz da aka wanke da acid a masana'antar.
Yashin gilashi
Ana yin yashi mai tsarki na quartz mai girma ta hanyar jerin tsare-tsare. A halin yanzu, masana'antar ba ta kafa ƙa'idar masana'antu mai cikakken tsari don yashi mai tsarki na quartz ba, kuma ma'anarsa ba ta bayyana sosai ba, amma gabaɗaya, yashi mai tsarki na quartz yana nufin yashi mai tsarki na quartz tare da abun ciki na SiO2 fiye da 99.95% ko sama da haka, abun ciki na Fe2O3 ƙasa da 0.0001%, da abun ciki na Al2O3 ƙasa da 0.01%. Ana amfani da yashi mai tsarki na quartz mai girma sosai a cikin hanyoyin hasken lantarki, sadarwa na fiber na gani, ƙwayoyin hasken rana, da'irori masu haɗa semiconductor, kayan aikin gani na daidai, kayan aikin likita, sararin samaniya da sauran masana'antu masu fasaha.
Microsilica
Foda ce ta silicon wadda ba ta da guba, ba ta da wari kuma ba ta da gurɓatawa, wadda aka yi da quartz mai siffar crystalline, quartz mai siffar fused da sauran kayan da aka yi amfani da su ta hanyar niƙawa, daidaita daidaito, cire ƙazanta, spheroidization mai zafi da sauran hanyoyin aiki. Abu ne da ba na ƙarfe ba wanda ba shi da sinadarai masu kyau, tare da kyawawan halaye kamar juriya ga zafi, babban rufi, ƙarancin faɗaɗa layi da kuma kyakkyawan yanayin zafi.
Yashi mai ma'adini mai haɗe
Yashi mai narkewa na quartz amorphous ne (yanayin gilashi) na SiO2. Yana da nau'i na gilashi mai iya aiki, kuma tsarin atomic ɗinsa yana da tsayi kuma ba shi da tsari. Yana inganta zafinsa da ƙarancin faɗuwar zafi ta hanyar haɗin giciye na tsarin girma uku. An haɗa kayan silica masu inganci na SiO2>99% a cikin tanderun lantarki ko tanderun juriya a zafin narkewa na 1695-1720 ℃. Saboda yawan danko na narkewar SiO2, wanda shine 10 zuwa 7th power Pa · s a 1900 ℃, ba za a iya samar da shi ta hanyar siminti ba. Bayan sanyaya, ana sarrafa jikin gilashin, rabuwar maganadisu, cire ƙazanta da kuma tantancewa don samar da yashi mai siffar quartz mai siffofi daban-daban da amfani.
Yashi mai siffar quartz yana da fa'idodin kwanciyar hankali mai kyau na zafi, tsarki mai yawa, halayen sinadarai masu ƙarfi, rarraba barbashi iri ɗaya, da ƙimar faɗaɗa zafi kusa da 0. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman cikawa a masana'antar sinadarai kamar su shafa da shafa, kuma shine babban kayan da ake amfani da shi don simintin epoxy resin, kayan rufewa na lantarki, kayan siminti, kayan da ba su da ƙarfi, gilashin yumbu da sauran masana'antu.
03 Yashi mai siffar quartz don dalilai daban-daban
Yashi mai ƙarancin ƙarfe don gilashin photovoltaic (Mai raba magnetic drum)
Gilashin photovoltaic gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi azaman marufi na na'urorin photovoltaic, wanda ke hulɗa kai tsaye da muhallin waje. Canjin yanayi, ƙarfi, watsa haske da sauran alamu suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwa da ingancin samar da wutar lantarki na dogon lokaci na na'urorin photovoltaic. ion ɗin ƙarfe a cikin yashi quartz yana da sauƙin rina. Domin tabbatar da yawan watsa hasken rana na gilashin asali, ana buƙatar adadin ƙarfe na gilashin photovoltaic ya zama ƙasa da na gilashin yau da kullun, kuma dole ne a yi amfani da yashi quartz mai ƙarancin ƙarfe tare da tsaftar silicon mai yawa da ƙarancin ƙazanta.
Yashi mai tsarki mai ƙarfi don hasken rana
Samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana ta zama hanyar da aka fi so ta amfani da makamashin rana, kuma yashi mai tsafta mai yawan gaske yana da muhimmiyar amfani a masana'antar hasken rana. Na'urorin Quartz da ake amfani da su a masana'antar hasken rana sun haɗa da yumbu na quartz don ingots na silicon na rana, da kuma jiragen ruwa na quartz, bututun tanderu na quartz da maƙallan jirgin ruwa da ake amfani da su a cikin yaɗuwa da kuma oxidation na tsarin kera photovoltaic, da kuma tsarin PECVD. Daga cikinsu, an raba quartz crucibles zuwa murabba'in quartz crucibles don noman polycrystalline silicon da zagaye quartz crucibles don noman monocrystalline silicon. Su ne abubuwan da ake amfani da su a lokacin girma na silicon ingots kuma su ne na'urorin quartz da ke da babban buƙata a masana'antar hasken rana. Babban kayan da ake amfani da su a cikin quartz crucible shine yashi mai tsafta mai yawan gaske.
Yashin farantin
Dutse na Quartz yana da halaye na juriyar lalacewa, juriyar karce, juriyar zafi, juriyar tsatsa da kuma dorewa. Yana da ƙarfi da kuma ƙarfin aiki kuma ana amfani da shi sosai. Samfuri ne mai ma'ana a tarihin haɓaka kayan gini na wucin gadi. Haka kuma a hankali ya zama sabon abin so a kasuwar kayan ado na gida kuma yana da shahara a tsakanin masu amfani. Gabaɗaya, yashi ko foda na quartz 95% ~ 99% ana haɗa shi da ƙarfafa shi ta hanyar resin, pigment da sauran ƙari, don haka ingancin yashi ko foda na quartz yana ƙayyade aikin farantin dutse na quartz na wucin gadi zuwa wani mataki.
Ana samun foda na yashi na quartz da ake amfani da shi a masana'antar farantin quartz gabaɗaya daga babban ma'aunin quartz da ma'adinan quartz mai inganci ta hanyar niƙawa, tantancewa, rabuwar maganadisu da sauran hanyoyin aiki. Ingancin kayan masarufi kai tsaye yana shafar ingancin quartz. Gabaɗaya, quartz da ake amfani da shi don farantin dutse na quartz ana raba shi zuwa foda na yashi mai kyau na quartz (raga 5-100, wanda ake amfani da shi azaman tara, tara yawanci yana buƙatar ≥ 98% abun ciki na silicon) da yashi mai kauri na quartz (raga 320-2500, wanda ake amfani da shi don cikawa da ƙarfafawa). Akwai wasu buƙatu na tauri, launi, ƙazanta, danshi, fari, da sauransu.
Yashin ma'adinai
Saboda quartz yana da juriyar wuta da tauri sosai, kuma kyakkyawan aikin fasaha nasa zai iya biyan buƙatun asali daban-daban na samar da siminti, ana iya amfani da shi ba kawai don gyaran yashi na gargajiya na yumbu ba, har ma don ci gaba da gyare-gyare da hanyoyin yin core kamar yashi resin da yashi mai rufi, don haka ana amfani da yashi quartz sosai wajen samar da siminti.
Yashi mai wankewa da ruwa: Yashi ne da ba a yi amfani da shi ba don yin jifa bayan an wanke yashi na silica na halitta kuma an daidaita shi.
Yashi mai gogewa: wani nau'in yashi mai ɗanɗano don yin siminti. An goge yashi na silica na halitta, an wanke shi, an daidaita shi kuma an busar da shi, kuma abun da ke cikin laka bai wuce kashi 0.5% ba.
Yashi busasshe: busasshen yashi mai ƙarancin ruwa da ƙarancin ƙazanta ana samar da shi ta hanyar amfani da ruwan karkashin ƙasa mai tsabta a matsayin tushen ruwa, bayan an yi masa desliming sau uku da kuma gogewa sau shida, sannan a busar da shi a zafin 300 ℃ – 450 ℃. Ana amfani da shi galibi don samar da yashi mai rufi mai inganci, da kuma sinadarai, shafa, niƙa, lantarki da sauran masana'antu.
Yashi mai rufi: an rufe wani fim ɗin resin da resin phenolic a saman yashi mai gogewa.
Yashi mai siliki da ake amfani da shi wajen yin simintin shine kashi 97.5% ~99.6% (ƙari ko ƙasa da 0.5%), Fe2O3 <1%. Yashi yana da santsi kuma mai tsabta, tare da sinadarin ƙasa <0.2 ~ 0.3%, ma'aunin kusurwa <1.35 ~ 1.47, da kuma yawan ruwa <6%.
Yashi mai siffar quartz don wasu dalilai
Filin yumbu: yashi mai siffar quartz SiO2 da ake amfani da shi wajen samar da yumbu ya fi kashi 90%, Fe2O3 ∈ 0.06 ~ 0.02%, kuma juriyar wuta ta kai 1750 ℃. Girman barbashi shine 1~0.005mm.
Kayan da ke hana ruwa gudu: SiO2 ≥ 97.5%, Al2O3 ∈ 0.7~0.3%, Fe2O3 ∈ 0.4~0.1%, H2O ≤ 0.5%, yawan yawa 1.9~2.1g/m3, yawan yawa na layi 1.75~1.8g/m3, girman barbashi 5.1~0.021mm.
Fannin ƙarfe:
① Yashi mai kauri: yashi yana da kyakkyawan zagaye, babu gefuna da kusurwoyi, girman barbashi shine 0.8 ~ 1.5mm, SiO2 ＞ 98%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.72%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.18%.
② Fashewar yashi: masana'antar sinadarai sau da yawa suna amfani da fashewar yashi don cire tsatsa. SiO2 ＞ 99.6%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.18%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.02%, girman barbashi raga 50~70, siffar barbashi mai siffar ƙwallo, taurin Mohs 7.
Filin abrasive: Ingancin buƙatun yashi na quartz da ake amfani da shi azaman abrasive sune SiO2 ＞ 98%, Al2O3 ＜ 0.94%, Fe2O3 ＜ 0.24%, CaO ＜ 0.26%, da girman barbashi 0.5 ~ 0.8mm.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-04-2023